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第
46回衆院選は16日投票、即日開票され、比例代表の5議席を除く475議席が確定した。自民党は小選挙区と比例で計293議席を獲得して、民主党を圧
倒。共闘する公明党と合わせて323議席を確保し、2009年に失った政権の奪還が決まった。民主党は公示前の230議席 ...
〔中央社〕日本眾議院大選落幕,在全部480席當中,主要在野黨自民黨與友黨公明黨今天凌晨確定已贏得320席的「超級多數」。截至台灣時間今天零時12時15分的不完全開票結果顯示,自民黨掌握291席,加上公明黨的29席,共拿下至少320席,達到2/3多數,可使國會上院參議院無法阻撓眾議院的立法。
目前參議院沒有任何政黨掌握多數,依照日本國會制度,參議院若不通過眾議院的法案,立法便會受阻,但如果執政黨在眾院掌握2/3多數,可以推翻參議院的表決。
自民黨在公明黨的支持下,將使可望成為首相的自民黨黨魁安倍晉三未來施政更為順利。
人物:安倍晉三
更新時間 2012年12月16日, 格林尼治標準時間18:36
58歲的安倍晉三是日本自民黨黨魁。自民黨在剛剛結束的國會下院大選中勝出,安倍也因此即將成為日本的新一任首相。
六年前,也就是2006年9月,他就曾經因為成為戰後日本最年輕首相而一度成為媒體風雲人物。不過,他就任僅短短一年,因內閣爭議不斷,2007年7月安倍領導的自民黨於參議院選舉中落敗,給安倍內閣很大打擊,即使經過內閣改組,也無法挽回日益下滑的支持度。
同年9月安倍基於政治現實,政令無法順利執行,而以健康原因為由辭去首相一職。
他2008年重返政壇。2012年再度參選自民黨總裁並獲勝,成為自民黨成立以來首位回任總裁。
鷹派世家
安倍晉三出生於一個日本的政壇世家。
安倍是前日本首相、自民黨高層岸信介的外孫,前任日本外相安倍晉太郎的次子;其外叔公佐藤榮作亦曾任首相。
安倍在日本被普遍認為是中間右翼黨派中的典型鷹派政客,一向在中日關係問題上持強硬態度。
安倍是日本政壇中強硬的右翼人士,多次否認日本的戰爭罪行,提出「日本戰犯不是罪犯」的觀點,多次對日本在二戰中犯下的戰爭罪行進行開脫。
他還主張修憲,賦予日本自衛隊更多參與國際維和行動的自由; 他也提倡愛國主義教育,支持修訂歷史教科書,希望教科書能教學生「以國家自豪」,不再以日本戰爭期間侵略行為重點。
外安倍還有親台灣一面。他是「日華國會議員懇談會」的代表性人物。2007年下台後,安倍曾對台灣總統馬英九說:「日本與美國一樣,如果中國攻擊台灣,日本不會不管。」如果安倍執政,民主黨政權下日本停止與台灣的漁業談判也有可能恢復。
務實魅力
不過,他也被認為有務實的一面,在他2006年接替小泉純一郎出任首相後,一反新首相外訪慣例,首個出訪國不是美國、而是中國。
此後他提出的「戰略互惠關係」沿用至今,修複了小泉堅持參拜靖國神社嚴重惡化的中日關係。
安倍當時還宣告任期內不參拜靖國神社,為後來的自民黨首相開了不參拜先例。
2007年安倍下台後,日本有報道說,中國私下對安倍的評價不錯,認為「意想不到地外交安定」。
有評論指出,正因為安倍是鷹派,而他的政治世家族譜上三代無親中政客,所以他不參拜靖國神社、與中國修好,能抑制日本右翼指責。
這與後來接替他的前首相福田康夫形成反差,福田的父親和其本人被指親中,反而其執政期不敢訪華、對中國外交小心翼翼。
這次安倍競選期間多次強調「堅決維護日本主權」、「要在尖閣諸島(中國稱釣魚島)常駐公務員」、「修改河野談話(戰爭道歉)內容」等強硬立場。
不過他當選前後,在主張要堅定守護尖閣、領海主權同時,也提出要提升日本出口利益,中國也用日本的投資創造就業機會,「雙方是要切也切不斷的關係,彼此都互相需要。」
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