冷靜不誇大是媒體的基本道德Quake intensity at Fukushima plant exceeded safeguard standards

《朝日新聞》記者 野嶋剛："冷靜不誇大"是媒體的基本道德 東北大地震發生後三天，他到中國出差，那天，福島核電廠爆炸的消息才剛傳出來，他在電車上，看到東京人不安的臉孔。 三天後他回到東京，觀察電車上的旅客，又恢復平日的模樣，玩手機的玩手機，打電動的打電動。他在接受《天下》採訪團隊採訪時透露，扎實的訓練，是日本媒體震災表現沉穩的重要原因。 一九九二年我從上智大學新聞系畢業，期望一開始就到《朝日新聞》跑國際外交新聞。沒想到前三年被派到偏僻的佐賀縣，因為表現不錯，之後再調到福岡三年，然後又調回東京總社社會部三年。我是當了九年記者，才如願採訪國際新聞。 這是日本培訓記者的過程，讓你先從鄉下新聞開始做起，慢慢再處理複雜的新聞。 記者不能哽咽、流淚、激動 一開始寫稿，天天被上司罵、改稿，說不能太煽情、激動，否則就別當記者了。記者的責任是傳達事實和資訊，而不是表達自己的感情。慢慢的，我們已經習慣要客觀、冷靜的報導新聞。對日本媒體來說，冷靜、客觀、不誇大，是最基本的職業道德。 記者尤其不能在播報新聞時哽咽、流淚、激動，我在阿富汗戰地親眼看過很多屍體，也會難過的哭。但是，我可以對自己表達這種感情，卻不能在報導中流露。

《朝日新聞》總共有三千多個記者，地震一發生，報社就召集社會部、政治部、經濟部的編輯主管開會，成立對策本部，大家互相分享情報，並且組成一百多人的採訪團隊，深入災區採訪。後方還有兩百多個各路線的記者，提供各自專業的分析稿。 因為紙張供應不足，原本報紙每天一份四十張，地震過後，縮減為每天二十張。記者跑回來的新聞，除了報紙，還透過許多管道發表，例如推特、臉書和微博，我們每三分鐘就會發一則新聞。 我二十六歲時跑阪神大地震新聞，每天採訪十八個小時，卻因為版面有限，只能登一百多字。現在多元化的刊登管道，讓記者有更多方式，提供資訊給讀者。這是日本媒體從來沒用過的方式，相信未來會成為重大事件的標準處理模式。 **** 貼這篇並不表示我任同"東電"TEPCO 正相反 該公司問題多多 TEPCO: Quake intensity at Fukushima plant exceeded safeguard standards 2011/04/03 An aerial shot of the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant taken on March 24, from an unmanned aircraft. (Provided by Air Photo Service)Black smoke rises July 16, 2007 at an electric transformer in the No. 3 reactor building of the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear power plant in Niigata Prefecture. (Provided by the Niigata prefectural government) The Tokyo Electric Power Co. announced Friday that the tremors that shook the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant during the March 11 earthquake exceeded plant's quake-resistance standards. Based on the government's 2006 revisions to quake-resistance guidelines, the level of tremor resistance was raised 60 percent by 2008, but it was still not enough to deal with the magnitude-9.0 temblor that struck northeastern Japan. It was the first time that an earthquake exceeded the revised standards, meaning that that quake-resistance measures currently in place at nuclear power plants throughout the country are insufficient. Because of that, other nuclear power plants will be required to take further anti-quake measures. TEPCO raised the intensity expected from underground tremors at the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant in 2008, and reported to the government that the safety of the No. 3 and 5 reactors at the power plant were assured. The Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA) of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry said that TEPCO's reports were appropriate. According to data recorded by seismometers at the lowest floors of the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant and released by TEPCO on Friday, the No. 2 reactor building suffered tremors of 550 gals, 1.25 times stronger than the maximum standard of 438 gals. (A gal is a unit that measures peak ground acceleration in earthquakes). The corresponding figure for No. 5 reactor building stood at 548 gals, bigger than the maximum standard 452 gals. The figure for No. 3 reactor building was 507 gals, stronger than the maximum standard 441 gals. TEPCO said its maximum standard for tremors was strong enough to withstand the Jogan Earthquake of 869, whose scale is considered to be similar to the Great East Japan Earthquake. They added that a quake with the intensity of the March 11 temblor takes place once every 10,000 to 1 million years. The guidelines in place prior to the government's 2006 revisions were problematic because they were not high enough. Three nuclear power plants (in Miyagi, Ishikawa and Niigata Prefectures) in years before the revisions were shook by quakes whose tremors exceeded standard levels. Since the revised guidelines, electric power companies have been re-examining the safety of their nuclear power plants. Meanwhile, TEPCO began spraying synthetic resins in the compound of the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant on Friday in order to prevent radioactive dust from flying into the air. The resins prevent wind-borne dust for six-12 months. On the same day, a U.S. military ship began transferring fresh water to tanks in the compound of the nuclear power plant.